Fracking, or hydraulic fracturing, is a way of releasing natural gas so that it can be used to produce energy. In recent years it has become more popular as a way to harvest natural gas. The process creates two byproducts, natural gas and wastewater. While it seems straightforward enough, there are countless considerations and concerns, many of which affect homeowners and possible damage to their property.

Fracking is conducted by drilling down into a rock formation several thousand feet and injecting water and chemicals into the rocks; this splits the rocks apart, releasing the natural gas which is then captured and used for energy production. One of the main concerns is the waste water and its disposal. It can be injected into the ground or put into a lined pond and allowed to evaporate; there is generally too much water for treatment to remove the chemicals to be a viable option.

Injecting water into the ground has caused controversy as some people claim it contaminates the groundwater from which they drink, although the water is injected far below groundwater levels. Studies have shown that if the casings used to protect groundwater from contamination aren't inserted or cemented correctly, contamination can occur. Contaminated drinking water has been found near fracking sites in Pennsylvania and Texas.