Summary

The $940 billion healthcare reform package is projected to extend insurance coverage to roughly 32 million additional Americans.
Major coverage expansion begins in 2014.
Most Americans will now be required to have health insurance or pay a fine.
Larger employers will be required to provide coverage or risk financial penalties.
Total individual out-of-pocket expenses will be capped.
Insurers will no longer have the ability to deny coverage based on gender or pre-existing conditions.
Insurance subsidies for middle- and lower-income families will be expanded.
No government-run insurance plan was included in the legislation.

Provisions effective within 6 months:

Insurers cannot cancel policies if a person becomes sick.
Insurers cannot place lifetime dollar limit caps on policies.
Insurers cannot deny coverage to children due to pre-existing conditions.
Parents can keep children on their policy up to age 26.
New insurance plans will cover the full cost of certain preventative care and exempt such care from deductible payments. (This requirement wouldn't apply to existing policies until 2018.)
Smaller companies are allowed tax credits of up to 35 percent of premiums to help buy insurance if they have 25 or fewer employees and average wages of less than $50,000. (This tax credit will rise to 50 percent in 2014.)
A government-established "ombudsman" and claims process will be established to assist patients in reconciling contested medical bills.

Starting in 2013:

Flexible spending accounts will be limited to a $2,500 annual maximum
People will no longer be able to use the accounts for over-the-counter medicines.

Provisions to take effect in 2014:

Most Americans will be required to carry health insurance or face a fine. There is an exemption for low-income people. Fines start at $95 a year or 1 percent of income, whichever is greater, capped at the cost of the average health-insurance plan. By 2016, the fine will increase to $695 a year or 2.5 percent of income.
Insurers cannot deny adults coverage because of a pre-existing health condition or charge them more. (In the meantime, the bill will set up high-risk pools to help people with illnesses buy coverage.)
Insurers cannot charge women more.
Medicaid for the poor will be expanded to cover people with incomes up to 133 percent of the federal poverty level; $14,404 a year for an individual, and $29,327 for a family of four. Childless adults will be covered for the first time.
Small businesses, the self-employed and the uninsured can pick a health plan offered through the new state-based purchasing exchanges, which will offer the same kind of purchasing power employees of larger companies benefit from today.
New policies sold on the exchanges would be required to cover a range of benefits (i.e., ":essential benefits") including: hospitalizations, emergency services, doctor visits, prescription drugs, maternity and newborn care, mental health/substance abuse services, lab and rehab services, wellness care, chronic disease management, and pediatric services — including oral and vision care.

[Note: The Department of Health and Human Services will establish the standard of "essential benefits" to be used to determine four types of coverage packages: platinum, gold, silver, and bronze. All individual and small group insurers will have to offer, at a minimum, plans in the silver and gold values.]

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