The list of "judicial hellholes" unveiled today shows that while tort reforms can help, it is up to the courts to apply the rules fairly, according to the American Tort Reform Association (ATRA).

"Judicial hellholes," said ATRA President Sherman Joyce, are jurisdictions where defendants are at a significant disadvantage due to bias of plaintiff-friendly court, or courts where "we think the access to civil justice on an equal basis" does not exist.

Replacing Madison County, Ill., for first place was the Rio Grande Valley and Gulf Coast of Texas–despite the fact that the Texas legislature has enacted a series of tort reforms in recent years.

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